Joseph elzear bernier biography
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Description
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Joseph-Elzéar Bernier
Canadian explorer
This article is about the Canadian mariner. For the Canadian politician, see Joseph Bernier. For the Canadian musician, see Joseph-Arthur Bernier.
Joseph-Elzéar Bernier (January 1, 1852 – December 26, 1934) was a mariner from Quebec who led expeditions into the Canadian Arctic in the early 20th century.
He was born in L'Islet, Canada East, the son of Captain Thomas Bernier and Célinas Paradis.[1] At the age of 14, he became a cabin boy on his father's ship. Three years later, he became captain of his own ship and commanded sailing ships for the next 25 years. Bernier was named governor for the jail at Quebec City in 1895. From 1904 to 1911, he explored the Arctic Archipelago on annual voyages in his ship the CGS Arctic and officially claimed the islands for Canada. Bernier retrieved documents that had been stored in caches by earlier Arctic explorers. He also established Royal Canadian Mounted Police posts in the Canadian Arctic.
During World War I, Bernier commanded a ship which transported mail along the eastern coast and carried goods in convoys across the Atlantic Ocean. He returned to patrolling the arctic after the war's end, continuing until his retirement in 1925, when he was awarded the Royal Geogr
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Joseph-Elzéar Bernier, who became the youngest captain in the history of Canada at age 17, was an exceptional mariner. After setting records crossing the Atlantic aboard sailing merchant ships in the 1870s and 1880s, he made a career change, becoming the greatest Canadian explorer of the Arctic Ocean. Between 1906 and 1909, he took possession of several northern territories for Canada, thereby confirming Canadian sovereignty in the vast, sparsely populated region. Bernier and his crew forged enduring ties with the Inuit, with whom they lived for extended periods of time. Bernier, whom the Inuit fondly called Kapitaikallak (the “stout, little captain”), traded with them until 1917. The Ilititaa . . . Bernier, His Men and the Inuittravelling exhibition held at Musée maritime du Québec in Islet, where Bernier was born, and at Nunatta Sunakkutaangit Museum in Iqaluit, Nunavut, in 2001-2002, highlights other aspects of the Francophone heritage these men left behind in Inuit territory.
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Historic ties and friendly relations
Without a doubt, Joseph-Elzéar Bernier’s main legacy from a historical point of view are his land claims in the Arctic. In 1906, he travelled to Melville Island in the western Canadian Arctic Archipelago, then to Baffin Island in the eastern